Search results for "real time database systems"

Hits ?▲	Authors	Title	Venue	Year	Link	Author keywords
3	Subhash Bhalla	Parallel Concurrency Control Activity for Transaction Management in Real-time Database Systems.	The Journal of Supercomputing	2004	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	parallel concurrency control, time-critical transactions, synchronization, distributed real-time database systems
3	Anindya Datta, Sang Hyuk Son, Vijay Kumar	Is a Bird in the Hand Worth More than Two in the Bush? Limitations of Priority Cognizance in Conflict Resolution for Firm Real-Time Database Systems.	IEEE Trans. Computers	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	performance evaluation, concurrency control, Real-time database systems
3	Victor C. S. Lee, John A. Stankovic, Sang Hyuk Son	Intrusion Detection in Real-Time Database Systems via Time Signatures. (PDF / PS)	IEEE Real Time Technology and Applications Symposium	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	time signature, performance evaluation, intrusion detection, real-time database systems
3	Young-Kuk Kim, Sang Hyuk Son	Supporting predictability in real-time database systems. (PDF / PS)	IEEE Real Time Technology and Applications Symposium	1996	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	multiple predictability levels, read times, transaction processing scheme, operating environment changes, critical transaction completion guarantees, correctness criterion, predictable transaction execution, data temporal consistency, deadline miss ratio minimization, simulation, performance, real-time systems, adaptability, specifications, data integrity, software reliability, transaction processing, database theory, temporal databases, timing constraints, software performance evaluation, serializability, temporal constraints, prediction theory, real-time database systems, transaction scheduling
3	Victor C. S. Lee, Kam-yiu Lam, Sheung-lun Hung	Virtual deadline assignment in distributed real-time database systems.	RTCSA	1995	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	virtual deadline assignment, constant delay servers, virtual deadline assignment schemes, performance, real-time systems, distributed databases, system performance, distributed real-time database systems
3	Sang Hyuk Son	Real-time database systems: present and future.	RTCSA	1995	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	temporally coherent data, real-time systems, real-time, concurrency control, transactions, timing constraints, real-time database systems, technological forecasting
2	Udai Shanker, Manoj Misra, Anil Kumar Sarje	Distributed real time database systems: background and literature review.	Distributed and Parallel Databases	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	Distributed real time commit protocol, Priority assignment policy, Replication, Memory optimization, Distributed transaction processing
2	Yingyuan Xiao, Yunsheng Liu, GuoQiong Liao, Xiaofeng Liu	Secure Real-Time Transaction Processing with Timeliness Guarantees in Mobile Distributed Real-Time Database Systems.	ISPA	2005	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
2	Jian-Jun Han, Qing-Hua Li	A Transaction Scheduling Algorithm with Temporal Constraints in Real-time Database Systems.	CIT	2004	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
2	Seok Jae Lee, Jae Ryong Shin, Seok Il Song, Jae Soo Yoo, Ki Hyung Cho	A Concurrency Control Algorithm for Firm Real-Time Database Systems.	International Conference on Computational Science	2003	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
2	Chanjung Park, Seog Park, Sang Hyuk Son	Multiversion Locking Protocol with Freezing for Secure Real-Time Database Systems.	IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng.	2002	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	multiversion concurrency control, multilevel security, transaction management, real-time database systems, Locking protocol
2	Ming Xiong, Krithi Ramamritham, John A. Stankovic, Donald F. Towsley, Rajendran M. Sivasankaran	Scheduling Transactions with Temporal Constraints: Exploiting Data Semantics.	IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng.	2002	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	least slack first, data-deadline, transaction processing, earliest deadline first, temporal consistency, Real-time database systems
2	Jan Lindström, Tiina Niklander	Benchmark for Real-Time Database Systems for Telecommunications.	Databases in Telecommunications	2001	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
2	Kam-yiu Lam, Tei-Wei Kuo	Mobile Distributed Real-Time Database Systems.	Real-Time Database Systems	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
2	Tei-Wei Kuo, Kam-yiu Lam	Real-Time Database Systems: An Overview of System Characteristics and Issues.	Real-Time Database Systems	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
2	Kam-yiu Lam, Tei-Wei Kuo, Tony S. H. Lee	Designing inter-class concurrency control strategies for real-time database systems with mixed transactions.	ECRTS	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
2	Jan Lindström	Extensions to optimistic concurrency control with time intervals.	RTCSA	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	optimistic approach, RTDBS, restart overhead, unnecessary restart problem, OCC-TI, Optimistic Concurrency Control with Time Intervals, basic dynamic adjustment, serialization order conflict resolution method, real-time systems, protocols, concurrency control, optimisation, transaction processing, real time database systems, real time database system, optimistic concurrency control, time intervals, locking protocols
2	Igor R. Viguier, Anindya Datta	Buffer Management in Active, Real-Time Database Systems - Concepts and an Algorithm.	ARTDB	1997	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
2	Kam-yiu Lam, Tei-Wei Kuo, Wai-Hung Tsang	Concurrency control for real-time database systems with mixed transactions.	RTCSA	1997	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	mixed transactions, data conflicts, optimistic concurrency control with broadcast commit, OCC-BC, hard real-time transactions, schedulability, concurrency control, concurrency control, real-time database systems
2	Sang Hyuk Son, Robert C. Beckinger, David A. Baker	DRDB: a distributed real-time database server for high-assurance time-critical applications. (PDF / PS)	COMPSAC	1997	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	DRDB, distributed real time database server, high assurance time critical applications, critical tasks, scheduling decisions, concurrency control mechanisms, functional real time database server, operational platform, distributed real time database issues, distributed databases, timing constraints, data consistency, simulated environment, real time database systems, safety critical applications, operating environment
2	Ramesh Gupta, Jayant R. Haritsa, Krithi Ramamritham	More optimism about real-time distributed commit processing. (PDF / PS)	IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium	1997	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	real-time distributed commit processing, OPT, firm-deadline real-time database systems, data inaccessibility, missed transaction deadlines, sequential transactions, parallel distributed transactions, Shadow-OPT, healthy lenders heuristic, alternative priority, inheritance-based approach, performance, distributed databases, transaction processing, real-time performance, system configurations, commit protocol, priority inversion
2	Chang-Gun Lee, Young-Kuk Kim, Sang Hyuk Son, Sang Lyul Min, Chong-Sang Kim	Efficiently supporting hard/soft deadline transactions in real-time database systems.	RTCSA	1996	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	hard/soft deadline transactions, temporally valid data objects, soft-deadlines, real-time systems, timing constraints, temporal consistency, real-time database systems, database operations, implementation complexity
2	Ramesh Gupta, Jayant R. Haritsa, Krithi Ramamritham, S. Seshadri	Commit processing in distributed real-time database systems. (PDF / PS)	IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium	1996	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	transaction atomicity, firm-deadline distributed real-time database, uncommitted data, optimistic commit protocol, performance, distributed databases, workloads, simulation model, data distribution, system configurations, commit protocols, commit processing, distributed real-time database systems
2	Daniel L. Moniz, Paul J. Fortier	Simulation Analysis of a Real-time Database Buffer Manager.	Annual Simulation Symposium	1996	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	discrete event simulation, buffer management, real-time database systems
2	Ching-Shan Peng, Kwei-Jay Lin	A semantic-based concurrency control protocol for real-time transactions. (PDF / PS)	IEEE Real Time Technology and Applications Symposium	1996	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	semantic-based concurrency control protocol, logical data integrity, temporal data integrity, real-world events, sensor devices, consistent device readings, transaction serializability, transaction responsiveness, method compatibility matrix, consistency requirements, simulation, performance, real-time systems, predictability, data integrity, concurrency control, transaction processing, temporal databases, software performance evaluation, process control, access protocols, timeliness, real-time database systems, avionics, real-time transactions
2	Dong-Kweon Hong, Myung-Joon Kim, Sharma Chakravarthy	Incorporating load factor into the scheduling of soft real-time transactions for main memory databases.	RTCSA	1996	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	soft real-time transactions, coarse-granule locking, CCA-ALF, EDF-CR-ALF, simulations, scheduling, real-time systems, real-time database systems, main memory databases, load factor, data access patterns
2	Kwok-Wa Lam, Sheung-lun Hung	A pre-emptive transaction scheduling protocol for controlling priority inversion.	RTCSA	1996	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	pre-emptive transaction scheduling protocol, hard real-time database systems, priority inversion problem, system schedulability, blocking delay, transaction preemptability, worst-case scheduling conditions, semantics, data integrity, data consistency, priority inversion, concurrency control protocols, real-time transactions, priority ceiling protocols
2	Azer Bestavros, Sue Nagy	Value-cognizant admission control for RTDB systems. (PDF / PS)	IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium	1996	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	value-cognizant admission control, simulations, performance, protocols, concurrency control, concurrency control, system design, real-time database systems, system implementation, transaction scheduling, overload management
2	Vlad Ingar Wietrzyk, Venkat Ramaswamy	Real-Time Transaction Scheduling in Database Systems.	DEXA	1996	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	performance evaluation, Real-time database systems, transaction scheduling
2	HweeHwa Pang, Michael J. Carey, Miron Livny	Multiclass Query Scheduling in Real-Time Database Systems.	IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng.	1995	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	Query processing, memory management, real-time database systems, priority scheduling
2	Sheung-lun Hung, Kam-yiu Lam	Locking Protocols for Concurrency Control in Real-time Database Systems.	SIGMOD Record	1992	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
2	Mukesh Singhal	Issues and Approaches to Design of Real-Time Database Systems.	SIGMOD Record	1988	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Xiangdong Lei, Yuelong Zhao, Songqiao Chen, Xiaoli Yuan	Concurrency control in mobile distributed real-time database systems.	J. Parallel Distrib. Comput.	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Martin Kot	Modeling selected real-time database concurrency control protocols in Uppaal.	ISSE	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	Pessimistic protocol, Model checking, Verification, Timed automata, Two-phase-locking, Real-time database systems, Uppaal, Verification tool, Optimistic protocol
1	Samia Bouzefrane, Jean-Paul Etienne, Claude Kaiser	Handling Overload and Data-Relaxation Control in Distributed Real-Time Database Systems.	I. J. Comput. Appl.	2008	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Olusegun Folorunso, H. O. D. Longe, Adio T. Akinwale	Visualizing Concurrency Control Algorithms for Real-Time Database Systems.	Data Science Journal	2008	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Jan Lindström	Real Time Database Systems.	Wiley Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Engineering	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Anis Haj Said, Bruno Sadeg, Laurent Amanton, Béchir el Ayeb	A Protocol to Control Replication in Distributed Real-Time Database Systems.	ICEIS	2008	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Waqar Haque, Paul R. Stokes	Simulation of a complex distributed real-time database system.	SpringSim	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	concurrency control, discrete event simulation, distributed real-time database systems
1	Leïla Baccouche	An Overview of MOA, a Multi-Class Overload Architecture for Real-time Database Systems: Framework and Algorithms.	AICCSA	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Udai Shanker, Manoj Misra, Anil Kumar Sarje	OCP: a distributed real time commit protocol.	ADC	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	cohort, workdone message, workstarted message, commit, distributed real time database systems
1	Samy Semghouni, Bruno Sadeg, Laurent Amanton, Alexandre Berred	Stochastic study of real-time transactions success ratio.	SAC	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	firm transactions, real-time DBS performances, success ratio, concurrency control, stochastic analysis
1	Jan Lindström	Relaxed Correctness for Firm Real-Time Databases.	RTCSA	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Udai Shanker, Manoj Misra, Anil Kumar Sarje	SWIFT-A new real time commit protocol.	Distributed and Parallel Databases	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	Cohort, Commit dependency, Abort dependency, Execute-commit conflict, WORKDONE message, WORKSTARTED message, Coordinator, Dependencies
1	Aleksandra Tesanovic, Mehdi Amirijoo, Jörgen Hansson	Providing Configurable QoS Management in Real-Time Systems with QoS Aspect Packages.	T. Aspect-Oriented Software Development	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Udai Shanker, Manoj Misra, Anil Kumar Sarje	A New Commit Protocol for Distributed Real-Time Database Systems.	Databases and Applications	2005	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Subhash Bhalla, Masaki Hasegawa	Parallelizing Serializable Transactions Within Distributed Real-Time Database Systems.	EUC	2005	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	A. Aslinger, S. H. Son	Efficient replication control in distributed real-time databases.	AICCSA	2005	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Emna Bouazizi, Claude Duvallet, Bruno Sadeg	Management of QoS and Data Freshness in RTDBSs using Feedback Control Scheduling and Data Versions.	ISORC	2005	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Majed Abdouli, Bruno Sadeg, Laurent Amanton, Adel M. Alimi	A System Supporting Nested Transactions in DRTDBSs.	HPCC	2005	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Anand S. Jalal, Sanjay Tanwani, Ashwani K. Ramani	Optimistic Concurrency Control in Firm Real-Time Databases.	IWDC	2005	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Hong-Ren Chen, Yeh-Hao Chin	Scheduling Value-Based Nested Transactions in Distributed Real-Time Database Systems.	Real-Time Systems	2004	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	distributed real-time scheduling, distributed real-time database, two-phase locking mechanism, communication delay, nested transaction
1	Dang Van Hung, Ho Van Huong	Modelling Real-time Database Systems in Duration Calculus.	Databases and Applications	2004	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Thomas Gustafsson, Jörgen Hansson	Dynamic on-demand updating of data in real-time database systems.	SAC	2004	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	derived data items, triggered updates, vehicular systems, resource management, real-time database
1	Ming Xiong, Krithi Ramamritham	Deriving Deadlines and Periods for Real-Time Update Transactions.	IEEE Trans. Computers	2004	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	temporal validity, deadline monotonic scheduling, real-time transaction processing, fixed priority scheduling, Real-time database systems
1	Yongyan Wang, Qiang Wang, Hongan Wang, Guozhong Dai	Dynamic Adjustment of Execution Order in Real-Time Databases.	IPDPS	2004	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Yaojun Han, Changjun Jiang, Xuemei Luo	A Study of Concurrency Control in Web-Based Distributed Real-Time Database System Using Extended Time Petri Nets.	ISPAN	2004	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Jan Lindström	Performance of Distributed Optimistic Concurrency Control in Real-Time Databases.	CIT	2004	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Hong-Ren Chen, Yeh-Hao Chin	An adaptive scheduler for distributed real-time database systems.	Inf. Sci.	2003	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Ben Kao, Kam-yiu Lam, Brad Adelberg, Reynold Cheng, Tony S. H. Lee	Maintaining Temporal Consistency of Discrete Objects in Soft Real-Time Database Systems.	IEEE Trans. Computers	2003	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	Updates, view maintenance, real-time database, temporal consistency, transaction scheduling
1	Chanjung Park, Seog Park	The Freeze algorithms for concurrency control in secure real-time database systems.	Data Knowl. Eng.	2003	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Subhash Bhalla, Masaki Hasegawa	Parallelizing serializable transactions using transaction classification in real-time database systems.	ISPE CE	2003	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Kam-yiu Lam, Tei-Wei Kuo, Tony S. H. Lee	Strategies for resolving inter-class data conflicts in mixed real-time database systems.	Journal of Systems and Software	2002	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Kam-yiu Lam, Tei-Wei Kuo, Ben Kao, Tony S. H. Lee, Reynold Cheng	Evaluation of concurrency control strategies for mixed soft real-time database systems.	Inf. Syst.	2002	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Anindya Datta, Sang Hyuk Son	A Study of Concurrency Control in Real-Time, Active Database Systems.	IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng.	2002	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	performance evaluation, concurrency control, Real-time database systems, active database systems
1	Hong-Ren Chen, Yeh-Hao Chin	An Efficient Real-time Scheduler for Nested Transaction Models.	ICPADS	2002	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Victor C. S. Lee, Kwok-Wa Lam, Sheung-lun Hung	Concurrency Control for Mixed Transactions in Real-Time Databases.	IEEE Trans. Computers	2002	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	serialization order adjustment, mixed transactions, Real-time databases, optimistic concurrency control
1	Tei-Wei Kuo, Jun Wu, Hsin-Chia Hsih	Real-Time Concurrency Control in a Multiprocessor Environment.	IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst.	2002	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	Real-time concurrency control, two-version database, multiprocessor architecture, priority inversion
1	Subhash Bhalla	Asynchronous Transaction Processing for Updates by Client: With Elimination of Wait-for State.	HiPC	2002	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Hong-Ren Chen, Yeh-Hao Chin, Shin-Mu Tseng	Scheduling value-based transactions in distributed real-time database systems.	IPDPS	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Özgür Ulusoy	Data Replication and Availability.	Real-Time Database Systems	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Anindya Datta, Sarit Mukherjee	Buffer Management in Real-Time Active Database Systems.	Real-Time Database Systems	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Tei-Wei Kuo	Semantics-Based Concurrency Control.	Real-Time Database Systems	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Tei-Wei Kuo, Kam-yiu Lam	Future Directions.	Real-Time Database Systems	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Jonas Mellin, Joakim Eriksson, Sten Andler	Reactive Mechanisms.	Real-Time Database Systems	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Ben Kao, Kam-yiu Lam, Brad Adelberg	Updates and View Maintenance.	Real-Time Database Systems	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Jörgen Hansson, Sten Andler	System Framework of ARTDBs.	Real-Time Database Systems	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Rajendran M. Sivasankaran, Krithi Ramamritham, John A. Stankovic	System Failure and Recovery.	Real-Time Database Systems	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Tei-Wei Kuo, Kam-yiu Lam	Conservative and Optimistic Protocols.	Real-Time Database Systems	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Jayant R. Haritsa, Binto George	Secure Real-Time Transaction Processing.	Real-Time Database Systems	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	John A. Stankovic, Sang Hyuk Son, Jörgen Hansson	Misconceptions About Real-Time Databases.	Real-Time Database Systems	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Ben Kao, Reynold Cheng	Disk Scheduling.	Real-Time Database Systems	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	C. Douglas Locke	Applications and System Characteristics.	Real-Time Database Systems	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Brad Adelberg, Ben Kao	Prototypes: Programmed Stock Trading.	Real-Time Database Systems	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Jayant R. Haritsa, Krithi Ramamritham, Ramesh Gupta	Real-Time Commit Processing.	Real-Time Database Systems	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Jörgen Hansson, Sang Hyuk Son	Overload Management in RTDBs.	Real-Time Database Systems	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Jayant R. Haritsa, S. Seshadri	Real-Time Index Concurrency Control.	Real-Time Database Systems	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Özgür Ulusoy	Distributed Concurrency Control.	Real-Time Database Systems	2001	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Jong Sul Lee, Jae Ryong Shin, Jae Soo Yoo	An Efficient Distributed Concurrency Control Algorithm Using Two Phase Priority.	DEXA	2001	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Sasa Tomic, Susan V. Vrbsky, Tracy Camp	A new measure of temporal consistency for derived objects in real-time database systems.	Inf. Sci.	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	S. H. Son	Issues and approaches to supporting timeliness and security in real-time database systems.	Journal of Systems Architecture	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Jayant R. Haritsa, Krithi Ramamritham	Real-Time Database Systems in the New Millenium.	Real-Time Systems	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Binto George, Jayant R. Haritsa	Secure Bufering in Firm Real-Time Database Systems.	VLDB J.	2000	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Kam-yiu Lam, Tei-Wei Kuo, Wai-Hung Tsang, Gary C. K. Law	Concurrency control in mobile distributed real-time database systems.	Inf. Syst.	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Binto George, Jayant R. Haritsa	Secure Concurrency Control in Firm Real-Time Database Systems.	Distributed and Parallel Databases	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Piotr Krzyzagórski	Concurrency Control in Real-Time Database Systems.	EDBT PhD Workshop	2000	DBLP BibTeX RDF
1	Tei-Wei Kuo, Hsin-Chia Hsih	Concurrency control in a multiprocessor real-time database system.	ECRTS	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
1	Alexander Münnich	PRED-DF - a data flow based semantic concurrency control protocol for real-time main-memory database systems.	RTCSA	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	PRED-DF semantic concurrency control protocol, predeclaration, real-time main-memory database systems, locking-based protocol, serializable schedule generation, blocking time minimization, predictable behaviour, real-time requirements verification, scheduling, real-time systems, predictability, concurrency control, database management systems, task scheduling, data flow analysis, data flow analysis, deadlines, access protocols, safety-critical software, hard real-time systems, safety-critical applications, verification methods
1	Jayant R. Haritsa, S. Seshadri	Real-Time Index Concurrency Control.	IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng.	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	index concurrency control, B-link tree, B-tree, Real-time database
1	Victor B. Lortz, Kang G. Shin, Jinho Kim	MDARTS: A Multiprocessor Database Architecture for Hard Real-Time Systems.	IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng.	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	exemplar-based programming, atomic data types, concurrency control, shared memory, object-oriented systems, Real-time databases, semantic constraints