Search results for "VC-GTS"

Hits ?▲	Authors	Title	Venue	Year	Link	Author keywords
196	Junwoo Jung, Hoki Baek, Jaesung Lim	VC-GTS: Virtual Cut-Through GTS Allocation Scheme for Voice Traffic in Multihop IEEE 802.15.4 Systems.	ICCSA (2)	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	VC-GTS, GTS allocation, multihop structure, voice traffic
187	Anis Koubaa, Mário Alves, Eduardo Tovar, André Cunha	An implicit GTS allocation mechanism in IEEE 802.15.4 for time-sensitive wireless sensor networks: theory and practice.	Real Time Syst.	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	Guaranteed time slots, Wireless sensor networks, Performance evaluation, Real-time, IEEE 802.15.4, Network calculus
169	Anis Koubaa, Mário Alves, Eduardo Tovar	i-GAME: An Implicit GTS Allocation Mechanism in IEEE 802.15.4 for Time-Sensitive Wireless Sensor Networks.	ECRTS	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
161	Petr Jurcík, Anis Koubaa, Mário Alves, Eduardo Tovar, Zdenek Hanzálek	A Simulation Model for the IEEE 802.15.4 protocol: Delay/Throughput Evaluation of the GTS Mechanism.	MASCOTS	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	GTS, OPNET Modeler, analytical model, simulation model, IEEE 802.15.4
133	Anis Koubaa, Mário Alves, Eduardo Tovar	GTS allocation analysis in IEEE 802.15.4 for real-time wireless sensor networks.	IPDPS	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
78	Liang Cheng, Anu G. Bourgeois, Xin Zhang	A Performance Comparison Study of GTS Allocation Schemes in IEEE 802.15.4.	FGCN (2)	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
72	Zarrin Langari, Richard J. Trefler	Application of Graph Transformation in Verification of Dynamic Systems.	IFM	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
72	Andrea Corradini 0001, Luciana Foss, Leila Ribeiro 0001	Graph Transformation with Dependencies for the Specification of Interactive Systems.	WADT	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
72	Mohsin Hameed, Henning Trsek, Olaf Graeser, Jürgen Jasperneite	Performance investigation and optimization of IEEE802.15.4 for industrial wireless sensor networks.	ETFA	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
60	Yu-Kai Huang, Ai-Chun Pang, Hui-Nien Hung	An Adaptive GTS Allocation Scheme for IEEE 802.15.4.	IEEE Trans. Parallel Distributed Syst.	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	Wireless communication, Network communications
60	Jelena V. Misic	On Slave-Slave Bridging with Non-Acknowledged GTS Access in 802.15.4 Beacon Enabled Networks.	AINA Workshops (2)	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
60	Jelena V. Misic	On slave-slave bridging with non-acknowledged GTS access in 802.15.4 beacon enabled networks.	AINA	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
60	Jesús Labarta, Eduard Ayguadé	GTS: Extracting Full Parallelism Out of DO Loops.	PARLE (2)	1989	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
54	Paolo Baldan, Andrea Corradini 0001, Luciana Foss, Fabio Gadducci	Graph Transactions as Processes.	ICGT	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
52	Berta Carballido Villaverde, Susan Rea, Dirk Pesch	D-SeDGAM: A Dynamic Service Differentiation Based GTS Allocation Mechanism for IEEE 802.15.4 WSN.	ITNG	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	GTS, Wireless Sensor Networks, IEEE 802.15.4, Service Differentiation, OPNET
52	Youngmin Ji, Woojin Park, Sungjun Kim, Sunshin An	Efficient GTS Allocation Algorithm for IEEE 802.15.4.	International Conference on Computational Science (4)	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	GTS, Wireless Sensor Networks, Zigbee, IEEE 802.15.4
48	Yasmin Mahmoud Amin, Amr Talaat Abdel-Hamid	A Simulation Model of IEEE 802.15.4 GTS Mechanism and GTS Attacks in OMNeT++ / MiXiM + NETA.	Comput. Inf. Sci.	2018	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
36	Frank Hermann 0001	Process Construction and Analysis for Workflows Modelled by Adhesive HLR Systems with Application Conditions.	ICGT	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
36	Frank Raiser	Graph Transformation Systems in CHR.	ICLP	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
36	Jelena V. Misic, Vojislav B. Misic, Carol J. Fung, Shairmina Shafi	Faster Lanes, Longer Lifetimes: Activity Management in Interconnected 802.15.4 Sensor Clusters.	Mob. Networks Appl.	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	IEEE std 802.15.4, CSMA-CA, bridges, personal area networks
36	Jun Zhang, Zhaohui Peng, Shan Wang 0001, Huijing Nie	PreCN: Preprocessing Candidate Networks for Efficient Keyword Search over Databases.	WISE	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
36	Wen Gao 0001, Jiyong Ma, Shiguang Shan, Xilin Chen 0001, Wei Zheng, Hongming Zhang, Jie Yan, Jiangqin Wu	HandTalker: A Multimodal Dialog System Using Sign Language and 3-D Virtual Human.	ICMI	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Yifan Zhu, Ruiyao Ma, Baihua Zheng, Xiangyu Ke, Lu Chen, Yunjun Gao	GTS: GPU-based Tree Index for Fast Similarity Search.	CoRR	2024	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Harrison Kurunathan, Miguel Gutiérrez Gaitán, Ramiro Sámano-Robles, Eduardo Tovar	DynaVLC - Towards Dynamic GTS Allocation in VLC Networks (Invited Paper).	NG-RES@HiPEAC	2024	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Gyeongsik Moon, Hongsuk Choi, Sanghyuk Chun, Jiyoung Lee, Sangdoo Yun	Three Recipes for Better 3D Pseudo-GTs of 3D Human Mesh Estimation in the Wild.	CoRR	2023	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Gyeongsik Moon, Hongsuk Choi, Sanghyuk Chun, Jiyoung Lee, Sangdoo Yun	Three Recipes for Better 3D Pseudo-GTs of 3D Human Mesh Estimation in the Wild.	CVPR Workshops	2023	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Gulshan Soni, Kandasamy Selvaradjou	Optimal GTS distribution to heterogeneous sensors in IEEE 802.15.4 network for healthcare monitoring applications.	Pers. Ubiquitous Comput.	2022	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Nikumani Choudhury, Rakesh Matam, Mithun Mukherjee 0001, Jaime Lloret 0001	A Beacon and GTS Scheduling Scheme for IEEE 802.15.4 DSME Networks.	IEEE Internet Things J.	2022	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Yang Shen	Stability analysis of high slope based on MIDAS GTS digital simulation.	WAC	2022	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Gulshan Soni, Kandasamy Selvaradjou	The Finest Superframe Interval and GTS Provision Scheme (FSGPS) for Time-Sensitive IEEE 802.15.4 Applications.	SN Comput. Sci.	2021	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Manoj Tolani, Sunny, Rajat Kumar Singh	A Markov model for IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol with energy-efficient GTS utilization under saturated and unsaturated traffic conditions.	Ad Hoc Networks	2021	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Manoj Tolani, Sunny, Rajat Kumar Singh	Energy-efficient adaptive GTS allocation algorithm for IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol.	Telecommun. Syst.	2021	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Wei Li 0189, Haiquan Chen, Wei-Shinn Ku, Xiao Qin 0001	Turbo-GTS: A Fast Framework of Optimizing Task Throughput for Large-Scale Mobile Crowdsourcing.	ACM Trans. Spatial Algorithms Syst.	2020	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Rajni Gupta, Suparna Biswas	Priority based IEEE 802.15.4 MAC by varying GTS to satisfy heterogeneous traffic in healthcare application.	Wirel. Networks	2020	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Wei Li 0189, Haiquan Chen, Wei-Shinn Ku, Xiao Qin 0001	Turbo-GTS: Scaling Mobile Crowdsourcing using Workload-Balancing Bisection Tree.	SIGSPATIAL/GIS	2020	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Ahmad Naseem Alvi, Sangrez Khan, Muhammad Awais Javed, Kostromitin Konstantin, Alaa Omran Almagrabi, Ali Kashif Bashir, Raheel Nawaz	OGMAD: Optimal GTS-Allocation Mechanism for Adaptive Data Requirements in IEEE 802.15.4 Based Internet of Things.	IEEE Access	2019	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Thuy N. Dinh, Phuong Hoai Ha	Advanced GTS Scheduling in IEEE 802.15.4 Networks for Industrial Application.	CCNC	2019	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Sunghyun Lee, Moonkun Lee	SAVE/GTS-VLT: Visual Logic Tool for Geo-Temporal Specification and Verification of Safety Requirements in Smart IoT Systems.	PrOse@PoEM	2019	DBLP BibTeX RDF
24	Rubai Mao, Zhe Han, Zitu Liu, Yong Liu 0029, Xingfeng Lv, Ping Xuan	PRME-GTS: A New Successive POI Recommendation Model with Temporal and Social Influences.	ADMA	2019	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Yu Xu, Lin Xiao 0001, Dingcheng Yang, Laurie G. Cuthbert, Yapeng Wang	Energy-Efficient UAV Communication with Multiple GTs Based on Trajectory Optimization.	Mob. Inf. Syst.	2018	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Jinyong Yao, Zhiping Pang	A GTS-Based Reliability Analysis Method for the Subsea Gas Boosting System.	DSA	2018	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Jacopo De Benedetto, Mayutan Arumaithurai, Xiaoming Fu 0001	ICN personalized global-scale testbed using GTS.	ICN	2017	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Roksana Jahan, Tanzima Hashem, Sukarna Barua	Group Trip Scheduling (GTS) Queries in Spatial Databases.	EDBT	2017	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Steffen Zschaler, Francisco Durán 0001	GTS Families for the Flexible Composition of Graph Transformation Systems.	FASE	2017	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Jamal Ali Hussein	PROV-GTS: a template-based PROV graph transformation system for obscuring provenance confidential information.		2017	RDF
24	Chen Chen 0006, Qingqi Pei, Xiaoji Li	A GTS Allocation Scheme to Improve Multiple-Access Performance in Vehicular Sensor Networks.	IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.	2016	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Yufeng Zhan, Yuanqing Xia, Mashood Anwar	GTS size adaptation algorithm for IEEE 802.15.4 wireless networks.	Ad Hoc Networks	2016	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Susanne Naegele-Jackson, Jerry Sobieski, Jakub Gutkowski, Michal Hazlinsky	Creating Automated Wide-Area Virtual Networks with GTS - Overview and Future Developments.	CloudCom	2016	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Min-Soo Kim 0002, Kyuhyeon An, Himchan Park, Hyunseok Seo, Jinwook Kim	GTS: A Fast and Scalable Graph Processing Method based on Streaming Topology to GPUs.	SIGMOD Conference	2016	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Xiaoli Zhang, Yongnu Jin, Kyung Sup Kwak	Adaptive GTS Allocation Scheme with Applications for Real-time Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks.	KSII Trans. Internet Inf. Syst.	2015	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Naoki Hayashi, Shigemasa Takai	GTS-based communication task scheduling for quantized output consensus over IEEE 802.15.4 wireless networks.	Autom.	2015	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Roberta Daidone, Gianluca Dini, Marco Tiloca	A solution to the GTS-based selective jamming attack on IEEE 802.15.4 networks.	Wirel. Networks	2014	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Satish K. Shah, Sonal J. Rane, Dharmistha D. Vishwakarma	GTS Allocation Strategy for IEEE 802.15.4 WSN.	ICITCS	2014	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Der-Chen Huang, Yi-Wei Lee, Hsiang-Wei Wu	An efficient GTS allocation scheme for IEEE 802.15.4 MAC layer.	Comput. Sci. Inf. Syst.	2013	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Tiago Semprebom, Carlos Montez, Francisco Vasques	(m, k)-firm pattern spinning to improve the GTS allocation of periodic messages in IEEE 802.15.4 networks.	EURASIP J. Wirel. Commun. Netw.	2013	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Feng Xia 0001, Ruonan Hao, Jie Li 0029, Naixue Xiong, Laurence T. Yang, Yan Zhang 0002	Adaptive GTS allocation in IEEE 802.15.4 for real-time wireless sensor networks.	J. Syst. Archit.	2013	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Naoki Hayashi, Shigemasa Takai	A GTS scheduling for consensus problems over IEEE 802.15.4 wireless networks.	ECC	2013	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	M. Udin Harun Al Rasyid, Bih-Hwang Lee, Amang Sudarsono	PEGAS: Partitioned GTS allocation scheme for IEEE 802.15.4 networks.	IC3INA	2013	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Junwoo Jung, Hoki Baek, Jaesung Lim	GTS Allocation Scheme for Bidirectional Voice Traffic in IEEE 802.15.4 Multihop Networks.	IEICE Trans. Commun.	2012	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Nam Tuan Le, Sunwoong Choi, Yeong Min Jang	A New QoS Resource Allocation Scheme Using GTS for WPANs.	Wirel. Pers. Commun.	2012	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Feng Xia 0001, Ruonan Hao, Yang Cao, Lei Xue 0004	ART-GAS: An Adaptive and Real-Time GTS Allocation Scheme for IEEE 802.15.4	CoRR	2012	DBLP BibTeX RDF
24	WoongChul Choi, SeokMin Lee	A Novel GTS Mechanism for Reliable Multihop Transmission in the IEEE 802.15.4 Network.	Int. J. Distributed Sens. Networks	2012	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Jacqueline Stewart, Robert Stewart 0001, M. Najmuddin Hassan, John Allen	Application of decay rate analysis for GTS provisioning in Wireless Sensor Networks.	CSNDSP	2012	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Der-Chen Huang, Hsiang-Wei Wu, Yi-Wei Lee	A Cluster-Tree-Based GTS Allocation Scheme for IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Layer.	IMIS	2012	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Lu Yang, Shen Zeng	A new GTS allocation schemes for IEEE 802.15.4.	BMEI	2012	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Ching-Li Ho, Cheng-Han Lin, Wen-Shyang Hwang, Shen-Ming Chung	Dynamic GTS Allocation Scheme in IEEE 802.15.4 by Multi-Factor.	IIH-MSP	2012	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Xiaoying Lei, Yong-Hoon Choi, Suwon Park, Seung Hyong Rhee	GTS allocation for emergency data in low-rate WPAN.	APCC	2012	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Bharat Shrestha, Ekram Hossain 0001, Sergio Camorlinga	IEEE 802.15.4 MAC With GTS Transmission for Heterogeneous Devices With Application to Wheelchair Body-Area Sensor Networks.	IEEE Trans. Inf. Technol. Biomed.	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Yueheng Li, Meiyan Ju, Pengfei Ye, Lizhong Xu	An Improved GTS Transmission Algorithm for Marine-Environment Monitoring WSN Systems.	AICI (2)	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Feng Xia 0001, Ruonan Hao, Yang Cao, Lei Xue 0004	ART-GAS: an adaptive and real-time GTS allocation scheme for IEEE 802.15.4.	AINTEC	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Jianxin Chen, Luis Lino Ferreira, Eduardo Tovar	An Explicit GTS allocation algorithm for IEEE 802.15.4.	ETFA	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Tuomas Paso, Juha-Pekka Mäkelä, Jari H. Iinatti	Enhancing the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC with dynamic GTS allocation for medical applications.	WPMC	2011	DBLP BibTeX RDF
24	Che Woo Na	Ieee 802.15.4 Wireless Sensor Networks: Gts Scheduling and Service Differentiation.		2011	RDF
24	Robert Preissl, Alice E. Koniges, Stéphane Ethier, Weixing Wang, Nathan Wichmann	Overlapping communication with computation using OpenMP tasks on the GTS magnetic fusion code.	Sci. Program.	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Barsha Shrestha, Ekram Hossain 0001, Sergio Camorlinga, R. Krishnamoorthy 0002, Dusit Niyato	An Optimization-Based GTS Allocation Scheme for IEEE 802.15.4 MAC with Application to Wireless Body-Area Sensor Networks.	ICC	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Jung-Il Namgung, Soo Young Shin, Nam-Yeol Yun, Soo-Hyun Park	Adaptive GTS Allocation Scheme based on IEEE 802.15.4 for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks.	EUC	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Pan Gun Park, Carlo Fischione, Karl Henrik Johansson	Performance Analysis of GTS Allocation in Beacon Enabled IEEE 802.15.4.	SECON	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Chewoo Na, Yaling Yang, Amitabh Mishra	An optimal GTS scheduling algorithm for time-sensitive transactions in IEEE 802.15.4 networks.	Comput. Networks	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Youling Zhou, Yi Wang, Jianhua Ma, Junpin Jia, Furong Wang	A Low-Latency GTS Strategy in IEEE802.15.4 for Industrial Applications.	FGCN (1)	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Eduardo Sebastián, Carlos Armiens, Javier Gómez-Elvira	Analysis of REMS GTS Errors Due to MSL Rover and Martian Environment.	ICINCO-SPSMC	2008	DBLP BibTeX RDF
24	Anis Koubaa, Mário Alves, Eduardo Tovar	Energy and delay trade-off of the GTS allocation mechanism in IEEE 802.15.4 for wireless sensor networks.	Int. J. Commun. Syst.	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Li-chun Ko, Zi-Tsan Chou	A Novel Multi-Beacon Superframe Structure with Greedy GTS Allocation for IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless PANs.	WCNC	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Yu-Kai Huang, Ai-Chun Pang, Tei-Wei Kuo	AGA: Adaptive GTS Allocation with Low Latency and Fairness Considerations for IEEE 802.15.4.	ICC	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Kris Struyve, Nico Wauters, Pedro Falcao, Peter Arijs, Didier Colle, Piet Demeester, Paul Lagasse	Application, design, and evolution of WDM in GTS's pan-European transport network.	IEEE Commun. Mag.	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Stephen Harris	Gts and interrogative tableaux.	Synth.	1994	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Cristina Barrado, Jesús Labarta, Patricia Borensztejn	Implementation of GTS.	PARLE	1994	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Jesús Labarta, Eduard Ayguadé, Jordi Torres, Mateo Valero, José M. Llabería	Balanced Loop Partitioning Using GTS.	LCPC	1991	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	Eduard Ayguadé, Jesús Labarta, Jordi Torres, Patricia Borensztejn	GTS: parallelization and vectorization of tight recurrences.	SC	1989	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
24	G. R. Linsenmayer, John L. Cuadrado	GTS: an expert system for graph transformations.	IEA/AIE (2)	1989	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
18	Abhishek Udupa, R. Govindarajan, Matthew J. Thazhuthaveetil	Synergistic execution of stream programs on multicores with accelerators.	LCTES	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	CUDAa, partitioning, software pipelining, stream programming, GPU programming
18	Ali Cevahir, Akira Nukada, Satoshi Matsuoka	Fast Conjugate Gradients with Multiple GPUs.	ICCS (1)	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
18	Elliot Moore II, Tristan T. Utschig, Kevin A. Haas, Benjamin Klein, P. Douglas Yoder, Ying Zhang, Monson H. Hayes	Tablet PC Technology for the Enhancement of Synchronous Distributed Education.	IEEE Trans. Learn. Technol.	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
18	Jay F. Lofstead, Scott Klasky, Karsten Schwan, Norbert Podhorszki, Chen Jin	Flexible IO and integration for scientific codes through the adaptable IO system (ADIOS).	CLADE	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	HDF-5, modular IO, visualization, workflow, MPI-IO
18	Barbara König 0001, Vitali Kozioura	Counterexample-Guided Abstraction Refinement for the Analysis of Graph Transformation Systems.	TACAS	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
18	Jelena V. Misic, Carol J. Fung, Vojislav B. Misic	On Bridge Residence Times in Master-Slave Connected 802.15.4 Clusters.	AINA (2)	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
18	Jinhui Yuan, Jianmin Li 0001, Fuzong Lin, Bo Zhang 0010	A unified shot boundary detection framework based on graph partition model.	ACM Multimedia	2005	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	temporal multi-resolution, active learning, graph partition
18	Seongeun Yoo, Daeyoung Kim 0001, Minh-Long Pham, Yoonmee Doh, Eunchang Choi, Jae-Doo Huh	Scheduling Support for Guaranteed Time Services in IEEE 802.15.4 Low Rate WPAN.	RTCSA	2005	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
18	Bryan Ford	Parsing expression grammars: a recognition-based syntactic foundation.	POPL	2004	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	GTDPL, TDPL, packrat parsing, parsing expression grammars, scannerless parsing, syntactic predicates, unified grammars, regular expressions, context-free grammars, lexical analysis, BNF
18	Paolo Baldan, Barbara König 0001, Bernhard König	A Logic for Analyzing Abstractions of Graph Transformation Systems.	SAS	2003	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
18	Cristian Francu, Ivan Marsic	An Advanced Communication Toolkit for Implementing the Broker Pattern.	ICDCS	1999	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	broker pattern, reusable code, distributed system, framework, design patterns, finite state machine