Search results for "sparse"

Hits ?▲	Authors	Title	Venue	Year	Link	Author keywords
24	Carlos D'Andrea, Ioannis Z. Emiris	Hybrid sparse resultant matrices for bivariate systems.	ISSAC	2001	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	mixed subdivison, piecewise-linear lifting, sparse resultant matrix, toric Jacobian, convexity
24	Roxane Adle, Marc Aiguier, Franck Delaplace	Automatic Parallelization of Sparse Matrix Computations: A Static Analysis.	Euro-Par	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	fill-in, non-standard semantics, sparse dependence analysis, Bernstein's conditions
24	Michel Cosnard, Laura Grigori	Using Postordering and Static Symbolic Factorization for Parallel Sparse LU.	IPDPS	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	sparse unsymmetric matrices, partial pivoting, static symbolic factorization, postordering, Gaussian elimination, elimination tree
24	Timothy A. Davis 0001, Iain S. Duff	A combined unifrontal/multifrontal method for unsymmetric sparse matrices.	ACM Trans. Math. Softw.	1999	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	frontal methods, sparse unsymmetric matrices, linear equations, multifrontal methods
24	Ümit V. Çatalyürek, Cevdet Aykanat	Hypergraph-Partitioning-Based Decomposition for Parallel Sparse-Matrix Vector Multiplication.	IEEE Trans. Parallel Distributed Syst.	1999	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	computational graph model, computational hypergraph model, parallel processing, graph partitioning, matrix multiplication, Sparse matrices, matrix decomposition, hypergraph partitioning
24	Cong Fu 0002, Xiangmin Jiao, Tao Yang 0009	Efficient Sparse LU Factorization with Partial Pivoting on Distributed Memory Architectures.	IEEE Trans. Parallel Distributed Syst.	1998	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	Sparse LU factorization, Gaussian elimination with partial pivoting, dense structures, asynchronous computation scheduling, irregular parallelism
24	Jennifer A. Scott	An Arnoldi Code for Computing Selected Eigenvalues of Sparse, Real, Unsymmetric Matrices.	ACM Trans. Math. Softw.	1995	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	Arnoldi's method, Chebyshev acceleration, large sparse matrices, real unsymmetric matrices
24	Timothy J. Schulz	Coherent array imaging with sparse arrays.	ICIP	1995	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	antenna phased arrays, sparse arrays, coherent array imaging, phased-array imaging systems, Fourier inversion, coherent imaging system, image processing, maximum likelihood estimation, maximum-likelihood estimation, missing data, incomplete data, array signal processing, aperture
24	Robert L. Stevenson, Edward J. Delp	Viewpoint Invariant Recovery of Visual Surfaces from Sparse Data.	IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell.	1992	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	viewpoint invariant recovery, visual surfaces, ill-posed inverse problem, invariant surface characteristics, pattern recognition, pattern recognition, picture processing, picture processing, finite element analysis, finite element analysis, sparse data, 3D space
24	Ladislav Luksan, Ctirad Matonoha, Jan Vlcek	Algorithm 896: LSA: Algorithms for large-scale optimization.	ACM Trans. Math. Softw.	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	discrete Newton methods, large-scale nonlinear least squares, large-scale nonlinear minimax, large-scale nonsmooth optimization, large-scale systems of nonlinear equations, limited-memory methods, partially separable problems, primal interior-point methods, sparse problems, quasi-Newton methods, Large-scale optimization
24	Jinhui Tang 0001, Shuicheng Yan, Richang Hong, Guo-Jun Qi, Tat-Seng Chua	Inferring semantic concepts from community-contributed images and noisy tags.	ACM Multimedia	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	noisy tags, semi-supervised learning, concept space, sparse graph, web image
24	Shoko Araki, Tomohiro Nakatani, Hiroshi Sawada, Shoji Makino	Stereo Source Separation and Source Counting with MAP Estimation with Dirichlet Prior Considering Spatial Aliasing Problem.	ICA	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	number of sources, spatial aliasing problem, blind source separation, sparse, Dirichlet distribution, prior
24	Meng Wang 0001, Yan Song 0001, Xian-Sheng Hua 0001	Concept representation based video indexing.	SIGIR	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	video indexing, sparse representation, concept detection
24	Mark Giesbrecht, Daniel S. Roche	On lacunary polynomial perfect powers.	ISSAC	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	black box polynomial, lacunary polynomial, perfect power, sparse polynomial
24	Yaun-Kai Ko, Shyi-Ming Chen	Fuzzy Interpolative Reasoning Via Cutting and Transformations Techniques.	IEA/AIE	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	Fuzzy interpolative reasoning, cutting and transformation techniques, increment and ratio transformations, sparse fuzzy rule-based systems
24	Ann B. Lee, Kim Steenstrup Pedersen, David Mumford	The Nonlinear Statistics of High-Contrast Patches in Natural Images.	Int. J. Comput. Vis.	2003	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	non-linear sparse coding, pixel-based image models, microimages, geometrically based statistics, high-dimensional probability density estimation, clutter, natural image statistics, higher-order statistics
24	Ying Nian Wu, Song Chun Zhu, Cheng-en Guo	Statistical Modeling of Texture Sketch.	ECCV (3)	2002	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	Minimax entropy learning, Independent component analysis, Texture modeling, Sparse coding, Matching pursuit
24	Bruno Carpentieri, Iain S. Duff, Luc Giraud	Robust Preconditioning of Dense Problems from Electromagnetics.	NAA	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	Preconditioning techniques, sparse approximate inverses, nonzero pattern selection strategies, electromagnetic scattering applications, AMS subject classification: 65F10, 78A45, 78A50, 78-08, 65R20, 65F50, 65N38
24	Hwang-Cheng Wang, Kai Hwang 0001	Multicoloring of Grid-Structured PDE Solvers on Shared-Memory Multiprocessors.	IEEE Trans. Parallel Distributed Syst.	1995	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	PDE solvers, memory access conflicts, cache saturation, multiprocessor performance, Parallel processing, conjugate gradient methods, sparse matrix, multicoloring
23	Torsten Hoefler, Jesper Larsson Träff	Sparse collective operations for MPI.	IPDPS	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Nathan Bell, Michael Garland	Implementing sparse matrix-vector multiplication on throughput-oriented processors.	SC	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	K. Y. Esther Leung, Marijn van Stralen, Attila Nemes 0001, Marco M. Voormolen, Gerard van Burken, Marcel L. Geleijnse, Folkert J. ten Cate, Johan H. C. Reiber, Nico de Jong, Anton F. W. van der Steen, Johan G. Bosch	Sparse Registration for Three-Dimensional Stress Echocardiography.	IEEE Trans. Medical Imaging	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Magnus O. Ulfarsson, Victor Solo	Sparse Variable PCA Using Geodesic Steepest Descent.	IEEE Trans. Signal Process.	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Kush R. Varshney, Müjdat Çetin, John W. Fisher III, Alan S. Willsky	Sparse Representation in Structured Dictionaries With Application to Synthetic Aperture Radar.	IEEE Trans. Signal Process.	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Yu-Chuan Chang, Shyi-Ming Chen, Churn-Jung Liau	Fuzzy Interpolative Reasoning for Sparse Fuzzy-Rule-Based Systems Based on the Areas of Fuzzy Sets.	IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst.	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Piotr Indyk, Milan Ruzic	Near-Optimal Sparse Recovery in the L1 Norm.	FOCS	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Yuichi Tanji, Takayuki Watanabe, Hideki Asai	Generating stable and sparse reluctance/inductance matrix under insufficient conditions.	ASP-DAC	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Feodor F. Dragan, Fedor V. Fomin, Petr A. Golovach	Spanners in Sparse Graphs.	ICALP (1)	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Yuzhe Jin, Bhaskar D. Rao	Insights into the stable recovery of sparse solutions in overcomplete representations using network information theory.	ICASSP	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Dianwei Han, Shuting Xu, Jun Zhang 0001	The relationship between the features of sparse matrix and the matrix solving status.	ACM Southeast Regional Conference	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	features of matrices, iterative methods, preconditioner, ACM proceedings
23	Ming Xiao, Shengli Xie, Yuli Fu 0001	Statistically non-sparse decomposition of two underdetermined audio mixtures.	IJCNN	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Wei Dai 0001, Olgica Milenkovic	Sparse weighted Euclidean superimposed coding for integer compressed sensing.	CISS	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Wei Dai 0001, Olgica Milenkovic	Sparse weighted Euclidean superimposed coding for integer compressed sensing.	CISS	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Mohamed-Ali Belabbas, Patrick J. Wolfe	On sparse representations of linear operators and the approximation of matrix products.	CISS	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Jan Erik Solem, Henrik Aanæs, Anders Heyden	Variational Surface Interpolation from Sparse Point and Normal Data.	IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell.	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	shape from specularities, multiple view stereo, computer vision, level set method, Variational methods, surface interpolation
23	Thomas Blumensath, Michael E. Davies 0001	Monte Carlo Methods for Adaptive Sparse Approximations of Time-Series.	IEEE Trans. Signal Process.	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Gideon Kutz, Dan Raphaeli	Determination of Tap Positions for Sparse Equalizers.	IEEE Trans. Commun.	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Zhaoshui He, Shengli Xie, Shuxue Ding, Andrzej Cichocki	Convolutive Blind Source Separation in the Frequency Domain Based on Sparse Representation.	IEEE Trans. Speech Audio Process.	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Bernard Moghaddam, Yair Weiss, Shai Avidan	Fast Pixel/Part Selection with Sparse Eigenvectors.	ICCV	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Charles Florin, Nikos Paragios, Gareth Funka-Lea, James Williams 0003	Liver Segmentation Using Sparse 3D Prior Models with Optimal Data Support.	IPMI	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Wumo Pan, Tien D. Bui, Ching Y. Suen	Text Segmentation from Complex Background Using Sparse Representations.	ICDAR	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Omer Meshar, Dror Irony, Sivan Toledo	An out-of-core sparse symmetric-indefinite factorization method.	ACM Trans. Math. Softw.	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	symmetric-indefinite, Out-of-Core
23	Ryan M. Eustice, Hanumant Singh, John J. Leonard	Exactly Sparse Delayed-State Filters for View-Based SLAM.	IEEE Trans. Robotics	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Yuanqing Li, Shun-ichi Amari, Andrzej Cichocki, Cuntai Guan	Probability Estimation for Recoverability Analysis of Blind Source Separation Based on Sparse Representation.	IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Yuanqing Li, Andrzej Cichocki, Shun-ichi Amari	Blind estimation of channel parameters and source components for EEG signals: a sparse factorization approach.	IEEE Trans. Neural Networks	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Yong Ma, Yoshinori Konishi, Koichi Kinoshita, Shihong Lao, Masato Kawade	Sparse Bayesian Regression for Head Pose Estimation.	ICPR (3)	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Guoyan Zheng, Kumar T. Rajamani, Lutz-Peter Nolte	Use of a Dense Surface Point Distribution Model in a Three-Stage Anatomical Shape Reconstruction from Sparse Information for Computer Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery: A Preliminary Study.	ACCV (2)	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Shunsuke Inenaga, Masayuki Takeda	Sparse Directed Acyclic Word Graphs.	SPIRE	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Vera P. Behar, Milen Nikolov	Sparse Array Optimization by Using the Simulated Annealing Algorithm.	Numerical Methods and Applications	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Baback Moghaddam, Yair Weiss, Shai Avidan	Generalized spectral bounds for sparse LDA.	ICML	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	David Eppstein	All maximal independent sets and dynamic dominance for sparse graphs.	SODA	2005	DBLP BibTeX RDF
23	Kurt Stadlthanner, Fabian J. Theis, Carlos García Puntonet, Elmar Wolfgang Lang	Extended Sparse Nonnegative Matrix Factorization.	IWANN	2005	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Vinh Trong Le, Xiaohong Jiang 0001, Son-Hong Ngo, Susumu Horiguchi	Dynamic RWA Based on the Combination of Mobile Agents Technique and Genetic Algorithm in WDM Networks with Sparse Wavelength Conversion.	IPDPS	2005	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Qingyong Li, Dacheng Lin, Zhongzhi Shi	Task-Oriented Sparse Coding Model for Pattern Classification.	ICNC (1)	2005	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Nahid Emad, Olfa Hamdi-Larbi, Z. Mahjoub	On sparse matrix-vector product optimization.	AICCSA	2005	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Tao Wang, Daniel J. Lizotte, Michael H. Bowling, Dale Schuurmans	Bayesian sparse sampling for on-line reward optimization.	ICML	2005	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Angelo Marcello Anile, Salvatore Spinella	Modeling Uncertain Sparse Data with Fuzzy B-splines.	Reliab. Comput.	2004	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Pablo Guerrero-García, Ángel Santos-Palomo	A Direct Orthogonal Sparse Static Methodology for a Finite Continuation Hybrid LP Solver.	PARA	2004	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Lixin Fu 0001	Efficient Evaluation of Sparse Data Cubes.	WAIM	2004	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Pyrrhos Stathis, Dmitry Cheresiz, Stamatis Vassiliadis, Ben H. H. Juurlink	Sparse Matrix Transpose Unit.	IPDPS	2004	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Hans-Joachim Bungartz, Stefan Dirnstorfer	Higher Order Quadrature on Sparse Grids.	International Conference on Computational Science	2004	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Nicholas Costen, Martin Brown, Shigeru Akamatsu	Sparse Models for Gender Classification.	FGR	2004	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Shih-Hsiang Lo, Jian Chih Ou, Ming-Syan Chen	Inference Based Classifier: Efficient Construction of Decision Trees for Sparse Categorical Attributes.	DaWaK	2003	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Pyrrhos Stathis, Stamatis Vassiliadis, Sorin Cotofana	D-SAB: A Sparse Matrix Benchmark Suite.	PaCT	2003	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Keita Teranishi, Padma Raghavan, Chao Yang 0001	Time-Memory Trade-Offs Using Sparse Matrix Methods for Large-Scale Eigenvalue Problems.	ICCSA (1)	2003	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Cheng-Yu Hsieh, Wanjiun Liao	All Optical Multicast Routing in Sparse-Splitting Optical Networks.	LCN	2003	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Zhong Wei Luo, Tok Wang Ling, Chuan-Heng Ang, Sin Yeung Lee, Bin Cui 0001	Range Top/Bottom k Queries in OLAP Sparse Data Cubes.	DEXA	2001	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Anshul Gupta	Recent Progress in General Sparse Direct Solvers.	International Conference on Computational Science (1)	2001	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Eun-Jin Im, Katherine A. Yelick	Optimizing Sparse Matrix Computations for Register Reuse in SPARSITY.	International Conference on Computational Science (1)	2001	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Gerardo Bandera, Emilio L. Zapata	Improving the Sparse Parallelization Using Semantical Information at Compile-Time.	Euro-Par	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Harry Buhrman, Stephen A. Fenner, Lance Fortnow, Dieter van Melkebeek	Optimal Proof Systems and Sparse Sets.	STACS	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Anastasios Manessis, Adrian Hilton 0001, Phil Palmer, Philip F. McLauchlan, Xinquan Shen	Reconstruction of Scene Models from Sparse 3D Structure.	CVPR	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Stamatis Vassiliadis, Sorin Cotofana, Pyrrhos Stathis	Vector ISA Extension for Sparse Matrix-Vector Multiplication.	Euro-Par	1999	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Rafael Asenjo, Oscar G. Plata, Juan Touriño, Ramon Doallo, Emilio L. Zapata	HPF-2 Support for Dynamic Sparse Computations.	LCPC	1998	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	William W. Pugh, Tatiana Shpeisman	SIPR: A New Framework for Generating Efficient Code for Sparse Matrix Computations.	LCPC	1998	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Jop F. Sibeyn	Solving Fundamental Problems on Sparse-Meshes.	SWAT	1998	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Bernd Kirsig	A Relation Between Sparse and Printable Sets in NSPACE(log n).	Foundations of Computer Science: Potential - Theory - Cognition	1997	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Gerardo Bandera, Manuel Ujaldon, María A. Trenas, Emilio L. Zapata	The Sparse Cyclic Distribution against its Dense Counterparts.	IPPS	1997	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Cliff A. Addison, Tim Oliver, Andy Sunderland	Supporting Distributed Sparse Matrix Objects.	Euro-Par, Vol. I	1996	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Andrew Fall	Sparse Term Encoding for Dynamic Taxonomies.	ICCS	1996	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	Anshul Gupta, Vipin Kumar 0001	A scalable parallel algorithm for sparse Cholesky factorization.	SC	1994	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
23	José L. Balcázar, Ronald V. Book, Uwe Schöning	The polynomial-time hierarchy and sparse oracles.	J. ACM	1986	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
22	Swastik Kopparty, Shubhangi Saraf	Local list-decoding and testing of random linear codes from high error.	STOC	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	dual-BCH codes, noisy parity, random codes, property testing, list-decoding, sublinear-time algorithms
22	Jung Hyun Bae, Achilleas Anastasopoulos	Capacity-achieving codes for finite-state channels with maximum-likelihood decoding.	IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun.	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
22	Rémi Gribonval, Morten Nielsen 0002	Beyond sparsity: Recovering structured representations by l1{\ell}^1 minimization and greedy algorithms.	Adv. Comput. Math.	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	Mathematics subject classification (2000) Primary 41A30, Secondary 65D16
22	Bing Han, Feng Wu, Dapeng Wu 0001	Image representation by compressed sensing.	ICIP	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
22	Richard Roberts 0001, Hai Nguyen, Niyant Krishnamurthi, Tucker R. Balch	Memory-based learning for visual odometry.	ICRA	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
22	Eun-Joo Lee	Stabilized approximate inverse preconditioners for indefinite matrices.	ACM Southeast Regional Conference	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	factored approximate inverse preconditioner, indefinite matrices
22	Ruairí de Fréin, Konstantinos Drakakis, Scott T. Rickard	Portfolio diversification using subspace factorizations.	CISS	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
22	Petros Boufounos, Richard G. Baraniuk	1-Bit compressive sensing.	CISS	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
22	Kiana Hajebi, John S. Zelek	Dense Surface from Infrared Stereo.	WACV	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
22	Christian Glaßer, Aduri Pavan, Alan L. Selman, Samik Sengupta	Properties of NP-Complete Sets.	CCC	2004	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
22	Zheng Shao, Jiawei Han 0001, Dong Xin	MM-Cubing: Computing Iceberg Cubes by Factorizing the Lattice Space.	SSDBM	2004	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
22	Jeffrey D. Ullman, Mihalis Yannakakis	The Input/Output Complexity of Transitive Closure.	SIGMOD Conference	1990	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
21	Ali Cevahir, Cevdet Aykanat, Ata Turk, Berkant Barla Cambazoglu	Site-Based Partitioning and Repartitioning Techniques for Parallel PageRank Computation.	IEEE Trans. Parallel Distributed Syst.	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	sparse matrix partitioning, repartitioning, parallelization, web search, PageRank, graph partitioning, hypergraph partitioning, sparse matrix-vector multiplication
21	Jin-yi Cai, D. Sivakumar	The Resolution of a Hartmanis Conjecture.	FOCS	1995	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	Hartmanis conjecture, sparse sets, logspace many-one reductions, sparse hard set, computational complexity
21	Marshall D. Brain, Alan L. Tharp	Using Tries to Eliminate Pattern Collisions in Perfect Hashing.	IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng.	1994	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	sparse matrix packing algorithm, retrieval function complexity, perfect hashing algorithms, array-based tries, Unix word list, large word lists, function building efficiency, pattern collision avoidance, ordered minimal perfect hashing function, item lists, sparse array packing, computational complexity, Unix, file organisation, ordering, list processing
20	Bing Han 0003, Xinbo Gao 0001, Vincent Walsh, Lili Tcheang	A saliency map method with cortex-like mechanisms and sparse representation.	CIVR	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	HMAX, bottom-up saliency map, cortex-like mechanisms, sparse representation
20	Ewout van den Berg, Michael P. Friedlander, Gilles Hennenfent, Felix J. Herrmann, Rayan Saab, Özgür Yilmaz	Algorithm 890: Sparco: A Testing Framework for Sparse Reconstruction.	ACM Trans. Math. Softw.	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	sparse recovery, Compressed sensing, linear operators
20	Manolis I. A. Lourakis, Antonis A. Argyros	SBA: A software package for generic sparse bundle adjustment.	ACM Trans. Math. Softw.	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	sparse Jacobian, structure and motion estimation, Unconstrained optimization, multiple-view geometry, bundle adjustment, nonlinear least squares, Levenberg-Marquardt, engineering applications