Search results for "Simulations"

Hits ?▲	Authors	Title	Venue	Year	Link	Author keywords
19	Panagiotis Zaharias, Christos Gatzoulis, Yiorgos Chrysanthou	Exploring User Experience While Playing Educational Games: Focus on Temporality and Attractiveness.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2012	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Mark Pearcy	America's Army: "Playful Hatred" in the Social Studies Classroom.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2012	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Yuxin Ma, Douglas Williams, Louise Prejean	Understanding the Relationships Among Various Design Components in a Game-Based Learning Environment.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2012	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Christopher M. Marlow	Making Games for Environmental Design Education: Revealing Landscape Architecture.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2012	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Robert C. Hubal, Jamie Pina	Serious Assessments in Serious Games.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2012	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Timothy W. Meyers	Literature Synthesis on Evaluative Measures in Healthcare Simulation.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2012	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Richard Hartshorne, Phillip J. VanFossen, Adam Friedman	MMORPG Roles, Civic Participation and Leadership Among Generation Y.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2012	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Constance Steinkuehler, Esra Alagoz, Elizabeth King, Crystle Martin	A Cross Case Analysis of Two Out-of-School Programs Based on Virtual Worlds.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2012	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Fengfeng Ke, Nilay Yildirim, Jacob Enfield	Exploring the Design of Game Enjoyment Through the Perspectives of Novice Game Developers.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2012	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Deborah F. Deale, Sarah Simkins Key, Michael Regina, Ray Pastore	Women and Gaming.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2012	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Matthew J. Sharritt, Daniel D. Suthers	Levels of Failure and Learning in Games.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	James J. Cummings, Travis L. Ross	Optimizing the Psychological Benefits of Choice: Information Transparency and Heuristic Use in Game Environments.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Carrie Heeter, Yu-Hao Lee, Brian Magerko, Ben Medler	Impacts of Forced Serious Game Play on Vulnerable Subgroups.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Jonathon Richter	Collaboratories and Virtual Safaris as Research in Virtual Learning Environments Scholarship.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Kostas Anagnostou	Research Note: Narration vs. Simulation.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Karla R. Hamlen, Holly E. Gage	Negotiating Students' Conceptions of 'Cheating' in Video Games and in School.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Yam San Chee, Susan Gwee, Ek Ming Tan	Learning to Become Citizens by Enacting Governorship in the Statecraft Curriculum: An Evaluation of Learning Outcomes.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Azilawati Jamaludin, Yam San Chee	Investigating Youth's Life Online Phenomena: Subverting Dichotomies through Negotiation of Offline and Online Identities.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Lee L. Mason, Tae Jeon, Peter Blair, Nancy Glomb	Virtual Tutor Training: Learning to Teach in a Multi-User Virtual Environment.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Adriana D'Alba, Anjum Najmi, Jonathan Gratch, Chris Bigenho	Virtual Learning Environments. The oLTECx: A Study of Participant Attitudes and Experiences.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Jeffrey Jacobson	Digital Dome versus Desktop Display in an Educational Game: Gates of Horus.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Amelia W. Cheney, Stephen C. Bronack	Presence Pedagogy as Framework for Research in Virtual Environments.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Michael A. Evans	Procedural Ethos: Confirming the Persuasive in Serious Games.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Ben Sawyer	Research Essay: What Will Serious Games of the Future Look Like?	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Greg Jones, Scott J. Warren	Issues and Concerns of K-12 Educators on 3-D Multi-User Virtual Environments in Formal Classroom Settings.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Yadi Ziaeehezarjeribi, Ingrid Graves	Behind the MASK: Motivation through Avatar Skills and Knowledge.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Scott Tobias, Duane Rudy, Jean Ispa	Relations Between Videogame Play and 8th-Graders' Mathematics Achievement.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Konstantin Mitgutsch	Playful Learning Experiences: Meaningful Learning Patterns in Players' Biographies.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Brock Dubbels	Cognitive Ethnography: A Methodology for Measure and Analysis of Learning for Game Studies.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	John Murphy, José P. Zagal	Videogames and the Ethics of Care.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Sandra Crespo, Vincent Melfi, Shalom M. Fisch, Richard Lesh, Elizabeth Motoki	Television, Games, and Mathematics: Effects of Children's Interactions with Multiple Media.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Patrick M. O'Shea, Christopher J. Dede, Matthew Cherian	Research Note: The Results of Formatively Evaluating an Augmented Reality Curriculum Based on Modified Design Principles.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Lakshmi Prayaga, James W. Coffey, Karen L. Rasmussen	Strategies to Teach Game Development Across Age Groups.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Shari Metcalf, Amy Kamarainen, M. Shane Tutwiler, Tina A. Grotzer, Chris Dede	Ecosystem Science Learning via Multi-User Virtual Environments.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Patrick M. O'Shea	Augmented Reality in Education: Current Trends.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2011	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Andrew J. Wodehouse, William J. Ion	Computer Gaming Scenarios for Product Development Teams.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	David C. Gibson	Living Virtually: Researching New Worlds.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Sasha A. Barab, Melissa S. Gresalfi, Tyler Dodge, Adam Ingram-Goble	Narratizing Disciplines and Disciplinizing Narratives: Games as 21st Century Curriculum.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Maliang Zheng, Daniel Kudenko	Automated Event Recognition for Football Commentary Generation.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Siu-Lan Tan, John Baxa, Matthew P. Spackman	Effects of Built-in Audio versus Unrelated Background Music on Performance In an Adventure Role-Playing Game.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Stijn Hoppenbrouwers, Bart Schotten, Peter J. F. Lucas	Towards Games for Knowledge Acquisition and Modeling.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Bram van de Laar, Boris Reuderink, Danny Plass-Oude Bos, Dirk Heylen	Evaluating User Experience of Actual and Imagined Movement in BCI Gaming.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Jorge Arroyo-Palacios, Daniela M. Romano	Bio-Affective Computer Interface for Game Interaction.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	David Birchfield, Mina Johnson-Glenberg	A Next Gen Interface for Embodied Learning: SMALLab and the Geological Layer Cake.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Steve Guynup	The Design of Virtual Space: Lessons from Videogame Travel.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Shiang-Kwei Wang	Effects of Playing a History-Simulation Game: Romance of Three Kingdoms.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Brian C. Nelson, Diane Jass Ketelhut, Catherine C. Schifter	Exploring Cognitive Load in Immersive Educational Games: The SAVE Science Project.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Yasmin B. Kafai, Deborah A. Fields, Kristin A. Searle	Multi-Modal Investigations of Relationship Play in Virtual Worlds.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Leonard A. Annetta, Shawn Y. Holmes, Meng-Tzu Cheng, Elizabeth Folta	Measuring Student Perceptions: Designing an Evidenced Centered Activity Model for a Serious Educational Game Development Software.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	J. Alison Bryant, Anna Akerman, Jordana Drell	Wee Wii: Preschoolers and Motion-Based Game Play.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Don Heider, Adrienne Massanari	Friendship, Closeness and Disclosure in Second Life.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Rania A. Hodhod, Daniel Kudenko, Paul A. Cairns	Adaptive Interactive Narrative Model to Teach Ethics.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Idit Harel Caperton	Toward a Theory of Game-Media Literacy: Playing and Building as Reading and Writing.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Michael Garrett, Mark McMahon	Computer-Generated Three-Dimensional Training Environments: The Simulation, User, and Problem-Based Learning (SUPL) Approach.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Fulvio Frapolli, Amos Brocco, Apostolos Malatras, Béat Hirsbrunner	Decoupling Aspects in Board Game Modeling.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2010	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Yam San Chee, Swee Kin Loke, Ek Ming Tan	Becoming Citizens Through Game-Based Learning: A Values-Driven, Process Approach to Citizenship Education.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	René Weber, Patrick Shaw	Player Types and Quality Perceptions: A Social Cognitive Theory Based Model to Predict Video Game Playing.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Carrie Heeter, Brian Magerko, Ben Medler, Joe Fitzgerald	Game Design and the Challenge-Avoiding, Self-Validator Player Type.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Sabine Trepte, Leonard Reinecke, Katharina-Maria Behr	Creating Virtual Alter Egos or Superheroines? Gamers' Strategies of Avatar Creation in Terms of Gender and Sex.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Brock Dubbels	Dance Dance Education and Rites of Passage.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Edward Castronova, Mark W. Bell, Robert D. Cornell, James J. Cummings, Will Emigh, Matthew Falk, Michael Fatten, Paul LaFourest, Nathan Mishler	A Test of the Law of Demand in a Virtual World: Exploring the Petri Dish Approach to Social Science.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Matthew J. Sharritt, Daniel D. Suthers	Video Game Representations as Cues for Collaboration and Learning.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Nicholas Fortugno	The Play of Persuasion: Why "Serious" Isn't the Opposite of Fun by Nicholas Fortugno.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Erik W. Black, Richard E. Ferdig, Joseph C. DiPietro, Feng Liu, Baird Whalen	Visual Analyses of the Creation of Avatars.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Tim Stowell, Jon Scoresby, Michael R. Capell, Brett E. Shelton	Utilizing Readily Available and Open Source Libraries to Create a 3D Game Engine.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Miguel Sicart	Beyond Choices: A Typology of Ethical Computer Game Designs.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Brian J. Gajadhar, Yvonne de Kort, Wijnand A. IJsselsteijn	Rules of Engagement: Influence of Co-Player Presence on Player Involvement in Digital Games.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Constance Steinkuehler, Barbara Z. Johnson	Computational Literacy in Online Games: The Social Life of Mods.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Christian Sebastian Loh	Researching and Developing Serious Games as Interactive Learning Instructions.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Catherine Norton-Barker, Margaret Corbit, Richard Bernstein, Ebonie Greene	Leveraging Game-Play in a 3D World: A Comparative Study in a Biology Classroom.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Joseph DiPietro	Investigating Perceptions of Avatar Creation for Use in Educational MUVEs.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Ben Medler	Using Recommendation Systems to Adapt Gameplay.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Elizabeth Bagley, David Williamson Shaffer	When People Get in the Way: Promoting Civic Thinking Through Epistemic Gameplay.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Patrick M. O'Shea, Rebecca Mitchell, Catherine Johnston, Christopher J. Dede	Lessons Learned about Designing Augmented Realities.	Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
19	Mohammad I. Daoud, James C. Lacefield	Parallel Three-Dimensional Simulation of Ultrasound Imaging.	HPCS	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	High-Frequency Ultrasound, Parallel Computing, Computer Simulations, Numerical Methods
19	Sylvain Dahan, Alexandru Dobrila, Jean-Marc Nicod, Laurent Philippe 0001	Performances Study of the Distributed Spanning Tree an Overlay Network for Server Lookup.	ICIW	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	Distributed Spanning Tree, Simulations, Overlay networks
19	Julia E. Stephenson, W. B. Morris, H. G. Tempest, Darren K. Griffin, A. Mileham, Annette M. Payne	The use of an e-learning constructivist solution in workplace learning.	ECCE	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	simulations, interactivity, e-learning, constructivism, workplace learning
19	Richard M. Fujimoto, Randall Guensler, Michael Hunter, Karsten Schwan, Hoe Kyoung Kim, Balasubramanian Seshasayee, Jason Sirichoke, Wonho Suh	Ad Hoc Distributed Simulation of Surface Transportation Systems.	International Conference on Computational Science (1)	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	surface transportation systems, ad hoc distributed simulations, rollback operations
19	Yuval Tamir, Hsin-Chou Chi	Symmetric Crossbar Arbiters for VLSI Communication Switches.	IEEE Trans. Parallel Distributed Syst.	1993	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	VLSI communication switches, symmetric crossbar arbiters, multistage interconnectionnetwork, switch arbitration policy, worst-case latency, circuitsimulation, performance evaluation, VLSI, circuit analysis computing, network simulations, critical path, multiprocessorinterconnection networks, system clock
18	Arvind Ramanathan, Pratul K. Agarwal, Maria G. Kurnikova, Christopher James Langmead	An Online Approach for Mining Collective Behaviors from Molecular Dynamics Simulations.	RECOMB	2009	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
18	Sebastian Potzsch, Gerik Scheuermann, Peter F. Stadler, Michael T. Wolfinger, Christoph Flamm	Visualization of Lattice-Based Protein Folding Simulations.	IV	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	Information visualization, multiple views, design guidelines, focus+context, overview+detail
18	Niranjan Potnis, Atulya Mahajan	Mobility models for vehicular ad hoc network simulations.	ACM Southeast Regional Conference	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
18	Alok Chaturvedi	A society of simulation approach to dynamic integration of simulations.	WSC	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
18	S. Kashif Sadiq, Stefan J. Zasada, Peter V. Coveney	Grid Assisted Ensemble Molecular Dynamics Simulations of HIV-1 Proteases Reveal Novel Conformations of the Inhibitor Saquinavir.	CompLife	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
18	Naohito Nakasato, Tsuyoshi Hamada	Astrophysical Hydrodynamics Simulations on a Reconfigurable System.	FCCM	2005	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
18	Paul Guyot, Alexis Drogoul	Multi-agent Based Participatory Simulations on Various Scales.	MMAS	2004	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
18	Kalyan S. Perumalla, Richard M. Fujimoto, Thom McLean, George F. Riley	Experiences applying parallel and interoperable network simulation techniques in on-line simulations of military networks.	PADS	2002	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	Parallel Network Simulation, Interoperability, On-line Simulation
18	Linda F. Wilson, Daniel J. Burroughs, Jeanne Sucharitaves, Anush Kumar	An agent-based framework for linking distributed simulations.	WSC	2000	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
18	Carl Tropper, Khalil El-Khatib	On Metrics for the Dynamic Load Balancing of Optimistic Simulations.	HICSS	1999	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
18	Tetyana Segin, Jacob Masliyah, Subir Bhattacharjee	Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Rupture of Nanometer-Sized Oil/Water Interface.	ICMENS	2005	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
18	Anush Kumar, Linda F. Wilson, Thomas B. Stephens, Jeanne Sucharitaves	The ABELS Brokering System.	Annual Simulation Symposium	2002	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	distributed computing, software agents, distributed simulation
17	Edgar Bermudez Contreras, Anil K. Seth	Simulations of Simulations in Evolutionary Robotics.	ECAL	2007	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
17	Jeremy Staum	State of the art tutorial II: simulations for financial engineering: efficient simulations for option pricing.	WSC	2003	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
17	Scott M. Preddy, Richard E. Nance	Key requirements for cave simulations: key requirements for cave simulations.	WSC	2002	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
17	Susan M. Sanchez, Thomas W. Lucas	Exploring the world of agent-based simulations: simple models, complex analyses: exploring the world of agent-based simulations: simple models, complex analyses.	WSC	2002	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF
16	Caroline Mendonça Costa, Ricardo Silva Campos, Fernando Otaviano Campos, Rodrigo Weber dos Santos	Web Applications Supporting the Development of Models of Chagas' Disease for Left Ventricular Myocytes of Adult Rats.	ICCS (3)	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	Cardiac Modeling, Myocarditis, Chagas’ Disease, Problem Solving Environment, Web-based Simulations, Arrhythmia
16	Yun Ye, Frank Liu 0001, Sani R. Nassif, Yu Cao 0001	Statistical modeling and simulation of threshold variation under dopant fluctuations and line-edge roughness.	DAC	2008	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	atomistic simulations, line-edge roughness, non-rectangular gate, random dopant fluctuations, threshold variation, predictive modeling, SPICE simulation
16	Michel C. Desmarais, Peyman Meshkinfam, Michel Gagnon	Learned student models with item to item knowledge structures.	User Model. User Adapt. Interact.	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	POKS, Empirical simulations, Bayesian networks, Probabilistic models, Bayesian inference, Student models, Adaptive testing, CAT, Knowledge spaces, Knowledge assessment
16	Graeme Smith 0001, John Derrick	Verifying data refinements using a model checker.	Formal Aspects Comput.	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	State-based specifications, Z Refinement, Downward and upward simulations, Model checking, CTL
16	Katarzyna Rycerz, Marian Bubak, Maciej Malawski, Peter M. A. Sloot	Grid Support for HLA-Based Collaborative Environment for Vascular Reconstruction.	e-Science	2006	DBLP DOI BibTeX RDF	federate management, Grid, HLA, collaborative environment, distributed interactive simulations, medical simulation